Blackbody Radiation: Thermal Spectrum and Temperature

draft readiness: experimental LightSpectra Both 12 min
Active development: draft / experimental
Thermal-spectrum core is stable with Explore/Understand tabs; full launch-gate and parity signoff remain pending.
Launch demo Open fullscreen Station card Instructor notes

If the embed doesn’t load, open the demo fullscreen.

Predict

Predict

If you heat an object up, does its peak emission shift toward redder or bluer wavelengths?

Play

Play

  1. Use the temperature slider (or presets) and watch the peak marker shift to shorter/longer wavelength.
  2. Toggle log vs linear intensity to see the long-wavelength tail more clearly.
  3. Use the visible-band highlight to connect spectrum shape to a qualitative color impression.
Explain

Explain

Use peak shift, curve shape, and T^4 scaling to explain what changes with temperature and what assumptions remain.

Learning goals

  • Relate temperature to Planck-curve shape and Wien peak shift.
  • Use Stefan-Boltzmann scaling to separate surface flux from total emitted power trends.
  • Recognize that perceived color is an integrated visible-band impression, not only the peak wavelength.

Misconceptions targeted

  • Peak wavelength alone determines observed color.
  • Temperature alone determines luminosity for all stars.
  • Red stars are hotter than blue stars.

Model notes

  • The curve is generated from Planck's law and plotted in relative (normalized) intensity.
  • Units: wavelength $\lambda$ is cm internally (displayed in nm); temperature $T$ is K.
  • As temperature increases, the peak shifts to shorter wavelengths (Wien scaling: $\lambda_{\rm peak}\propto 1/T$).
  • Surface emitted flux follows Stefan-Boltzmann scaling: $F = \sigma T^4$.
  • Total luminosity additionally depends on radius, so temperature alone does not fully determine $L$.
  • High-fidelity ZAMS/HR inference is handled in the separate `stars-zams-hr` instrument.

About this demo

Use the temperature slider (or presets) to compare where the spectrum peaks and how the overall power changes.